Taxation - The taxation expense represents the aggregate amount of current and deferred tax recognised in the reporting period. Tax is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in capital and reserves. In this case, tax is recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in capital and reserves, respectively. Current tax is recognised on taxable profit for the current and past periods. Current tax is measured atthe amounts of tax expected to pay or recover using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted orsubstantively enacted at the reporting date.Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences at the reporting date. Unrelieved taxlosses and other deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will berecovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Deferred tax ismeasured using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by thereporting date that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference.Tangible assets - Tangible assets are initially recorded at cost, and are subsequently stated at cost less any accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.Any tangible assets carried at revalued amounts are recorded at the fair value at the date of revaluationless any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses.An increase in the carrying amount of an asset as a result of a revaluation, is recognised in othercomprehensive income and accumulated in capital and reserves, except to the extent it reverses arevaluation decrease of the same asset previously recognised in profit or loss. A decrease in thecarrying amount of an asset as a result of revaluation is recognised in other comprehensive income tothe extent of any previously recognised revaluation increase accumulated in capital and reserves inrespect of that asset. Where a revaluation decrease exceeds the accumulated revaluation gainsaccumulated in capital and reserves in respect of that asset, the excess shall be recognised in profit orloss.Impairment -A review for indicators of impairment is carried out at each reporting date, with the recoverable amount being estimated where such indicators exist. Where the carrying value exceeds the recoverable amount, the asset is impaired accordingly. Prior impairments are also reviewed for possible reversal at each reporting date.When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, an estimate is madeof the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. The cash-generatingunit is the smallest identifiable group of assets that includes the asset and generates cash inflows thatare largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets.Provisions - Provisions are recognised when the entity has an obligation at the reporting date as a result of a past event; it is probable that the entity will be required to transfer economic benefits in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be estimated reliably. Provisions are recognised as a liability in the statement of financial position and the amount of the provision as an expense.Provisions are initially measured at the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation atthe reporting date and subsequently reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the currentbest estimate of the amount that would be required to settle the obligation. Any adjustments to theamounts previously recognised are recognised in profit or loss unless the provision was originallyrecognised as part of the cost of an asset. When a provision is measured at the present value of theamount expected to be required to settle the obligation, the unwinding of the discount is recognised in finance costs in profit or loss in the period it arises.Financial instruments - A financial asset or a financial liability is recognised only when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at the transaction price, unless the arrangementconstitutes a financing transaction, where it is recognised at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument.Debt instruments are subsequently measured at amortised cost.Where investments in non-convertible preference shares and non-puttable ordinary shares orpreference shares are publicly traded or their fair value can otherwise be measured reliably, theinvestment is subsequently measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss.All other such investments are subsequently measured at cost less impairment.Other financial instruments, including derivatives, are initially recognised at fair value, unless paymentfor an asset is deferred beyond normal business terms or financed at a rate of interest that is not amarket rate, in which case the asset is measured at the present value of the future paymentsdiscounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument.Other financial instruments are subsequently measured at fair value, with any changes recognised in profit or loss, with the exception of hedging instruments in a designated hedging relationship.Financial assets that are measured at cost or amortised cost are reviewed for objective evidence ofimpairment at the end of each reporting date. If there is objective evidence of impairment, animpairment loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately.For all equity instruments regardless of significance, and other financial assets that are individuallysignificant, these are assessed individually for impairment. Other financial assets or either assessedindividually or grouped on the basis of similar credit risk characteristics.Any reversals of impairment are recognised in profit or loss immediately, to the extent that the reversaldoes not result in a carrying amount of the financial asset that exceeds what the carrying amount wouldhave been had the impairment not previously been recognised.Defined contribution plans - Contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an expense in the period in which the related service is provided. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that theprepayment will lead to a reduction in future payments or a cash refund.When contributions are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months of the end of the reportingdate in which the employees render the related service, the liability is measured on a discountedpresent value basis. The unwinding of the discount is recognised in finance costs in profit or loss in theperiod in which it arises.