Technica Limited - Limited company accounts 23.2

REGISTERED NUMBER: 06146312 (England and Wales)

Strategic Report, Report of the Directors and

Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 March 2023

for

Technica Limited

Page

Company Information

1

Strategic Report

2

Report of the Directors

3

Report of the Independent Auditors

5

Statement of Comprehensive Income

9

Balance Sheet

10

Statement of Changes in Equity

11

Cash Flow Statement

12

Notes to the Cash Flow Statement

13

Notes to the Financial Statements

14

DIRECTORS:

Mr J D Davison

Mr R Law

SECRETARY:

Mr J D Davison

REGISTERED OFFICE:

Cherry Tree Business Park

Estate Road No.5

Grimsby

N E Lincolnshire

DN31 2TX

REGISTERED NUMBER:

06146312 (England and Wales)

AUDITORS:

Underwood Green Limited, Statutory Auditor

Pinnacle House

1 Pinnacle Way

Derby

Derbyshire

DE24 8ZS

The directors present their strategic report for the year ended 31 March 2023.

REVIEW OF BUSINESS

The principal activity of the business during the year was that of engineering design activities for industrial process and production.

The company's turnover increased in the year to £21.4 million from £12.5 million, an increase of 71% (2022: Increase of 129%).

The operating profit of the company increased in the year to £716,350 compared to £200,758 in the previous year.

Given these factors the directors are pleased with the overall results for the year.

Cash projections are prepared frequently and reviewed by management to ensure that adequate financial resources exist for the company. The board has continued to maintain adequate funding capital within the company and no changes in facilities are envisaged in the foreseeable future.

The financial results in 2023 were in line with the board's expectations and the company continues to be well placed to maintain its position in the future.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

The trading performance of the company to the year ended 31st March 2023 is in line with the directors' expectations.

The general uncertainty of the worldwide economy including the effect of equity markets, inflation pressure and the worldwide energy markets are considered to be of greater risk to the business going forward. The directors and their management team are keeping all margins and costs under review.

FINANCIAL KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

The directors use turnover and operating profit as key performance indicators for the business.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:

Mr J D Davison - Director

1 December 2023

The directors present their report with the financial statements of the company for the year ended 31 March 2023.

DIVIDENDS

The total distribution of interim dividends for the year ended 31st March 2023 was £511,000 (2022: £313,000). The directors do not recommend the payment of a final dividend.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

The trading performance to date in the year to 31 March 2023 had been in line with the directors expectations.

DIRECTORS

The directors shown below have held office during the whole of the period from 1 April 2022 to the date of this report.

Mr J D Davison

Mr R Law

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Treasury operations

The company operates a centralised treasury function which is responsible for managing the liquidity and interest rate risks associated with the company's activities. The company's principal instruments are a bank loan and bank and cash balances. In addition the company has various other financial assets and liabilities such as trade debtors and trade creditors arising directly from the operations of the business.

Liquidity risk

The company manages its cash requirements centrally to maximise interest income and minimise interest expense, whilst ensuring the the company has sufficient liquid resources to meet the operating needs of its business.

Interest rate risk

The company is exposed to fair value interest rate risk on its bank loan facility and overdraft facility.

Foreign currency risk

The company does have foreign currency risk as some sales and purchases are made outside of the UK.

Credit risk

Investments of cash surpluses are made with the company's main bankers. Receivable balances are monitored on an ongoing basis and provision is made for doubtful debts where necessary.

DISCLOSURE IN THE STRATEGIC REPORT

The directors have chosen to disclose the Review of the Business and Principal Risks and Uncertainties of the business within the the company's Strategic Report.

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Report of the Directors and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

-	select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

-	make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

-	prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITORS

So far as the directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the company's auditors are unaware, and each director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditors are aware of that information.

AUDITORS

The auditors, Underwood Green Limited, Statutory Auditor, will be proposed for re-appointment at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:

Mr J D Davison - Director

1 December 2023

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Technica Limited (the 'company') for the year ended 31 March 2023 which comprise the Statement of Comprehensive Income, Balance Sheet, Statement of Changes in Equity, Cash Flow Statement and Notes to the Cash Flow Statement, Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

-	give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 March 2023 and of its profit for the year then ended;

-	have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and

-	have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

However, because not all future events or conditions can be predicted, this conclusion is not a guarantee as to the company's ability to continue as a going concern.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors, but does not include the financial statements and our Report of the Auditors thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinion relating to the prior period financial statements

The prior period financial statements were not audited.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

-	the information given in the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

-	the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Report of the Directors.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

-	adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or

-	the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

-	certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or

-	we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors

As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities set out on pages three and four, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Identifying and assessing potential risks related to irregularities

In identifying and assessing the risk of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, we considered the following;

- The nature of the industry and sector, control environment and business performance

- The company's own assessment of the risks that irregularities may occur either as a result of fraud or error that was approved by the board

- Any matters identified having reviewed the company's procedures

- Matters discussed among our audit engagement team and other members of Underwood Green regarding how fraud might occur in the financial statements.

As a result of these procedures, we considered the opportunities and incentives that may exist within the company for fraud. We are also required to perform specific procedures to respond to the risks of management override.

We also obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework that the company operates in, focusing on provisions of those laws and regulations that had a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The key laws and regulations we considered included UK companies Act and tax legislation.

We also considered adherence to anti bribery laws, data protection employment law and health and safety regulations.

Audit response to risks identified

As a result of performing the above, we identified the disclosure of adjusting items in the financial statements.

In addition to the above, our procedures to respond to risks identified included;

- Reviewing the financial statement disclosures

- Enquiring of management concerning actual and potential litigation and claims

- Performing analytical procedures to identify unusual or unexpected relationships that may indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud

- In addressing the risk of fraud through management override of controls, testing the appropriateness of journals and assessing whether judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of potential bias.

We also communicated relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit.

There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above. We are less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations that are not closely related to events and transactions reflected in the financial statements. Also, the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through collusion.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Auditors.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in a Report of the Auditors and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Mr Gary Underwood (Senior Statutory Auditor)

for and on behalf of Underwood Green Limited, Statutory Auditor

Pinnacle House

1 Pinnacle Way

Derby

Derbyshire

DE24 8ZS

1 December 2023

TURNOVER

4

21,446,279

12,526,095

Cost of sales

18,859,655

10,851,803

GROSS PROFIT

2,586,624

1,674,292

Administrative expenses

1,898,036

1,484,649

688,588

189,643

Other operating income

5

34,546

17,251

OPERATING PROFIT

8

723,134

206,894

Interest receivable and similar income

88

3

723,222

206,897

Interest payable and similar expenses

10

6,872

6,139

PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION

716,350

200,758

Tax on profit

11

(124,954

)

(175,050

)

PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR

841,304

375,808

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Property Revaluation

190,338

-

Income tax relating to other comprehensive income

(47,585

)

-

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR, NET OF INCOME TAX

142,753

-

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR

984,057

375,808

FIXED ASSETS

Tangible assets

13

874,541

563,278

CURRENT ASSETS

Debtors

14

3,679,297

4,258,294

Cash at bank

679,872

1,321,234

4,359,169

5,579,528

CREDITORS

Amounts falling due within one year

15

3,242,905

4,675,528

NET CURRENT ASSETS

1,116,264

904,000

TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES

1,990,805

1,467,278

CREDITORS

Amounts falling due after more than one year

16

(619,504

)

(636,538

)

PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES

20

(67,504

)

-

NET ASSETS

1,303,797

830,740

CAPITAL AND RESERVES

Called up share capital

21

208

208

Capital redemption reserve

22

100

100

Non-distributable reserve

22

142,753

-

Retained earnings

22

1,160,736

830,432

SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS

1,303,797

830,740

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 1 December 2023 and were signed on its behalf by:

Mr J D Davison - Director

Called up

Capital

share

Retained

redemption

Non-distributable

Total

capital

earnings

reserve

reserve

equity

£

£

£

£

£

Balance at 1 April 2021

208

767,624

100

-

767,932

Changes in equity

Dividends

-

(313,000

)

-

-

(313,000

)

Total comprehensive income

-

375,808

-

-

375,808

Balance at 31 March 2022

208

830,432

100

-

830,740

Changes in equity

Dividends

-

(511,000

)

-

-

(511,000

)

Total comprehensive income

-

841,304

-

142,753

984,057

Balance at 31 March 2023

208

1,160,736

100

142,753

1,303,797

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash generated from operations

1

(107,529

)

1,605,897

Interest paid

(6,872

)

(6,139

)

Tax paid

144,873

175,050

Net cash from operating activities

30,472

1,774,808

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of tangible fixed assets

(162,833

)

(59,638

)

Sale of tangible fixed assets

-

24,333

Interest received

88

3

Net cash from investing activities

(162,745

)

(35,302

)

Cash flows from financing activities

Loan repayments in year

(22,489

)

(91,956

)

Capital repayments in year

24,746

-

Amount introduced by directors

-

323

Amount withdrawn by directors

(346

)

-

Equity dividends paid

(511,000

)

(313,000

)

Net cash from financing activities

(509,089

)

(404,633

)

(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

(641,362

)

1,334,873

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

2

1,321,234

(13,639

)

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

2

679,872

1,321,234

1.	RECONCILIATION OF PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION TO CASH GENERATED FROM OPERATIONS

2023

2022

£

£

Profit before taxation

716,350

200,758

Depreciation charges

41,908

25,501

Loss on disposal of fixed assets

-

13,146

Decrease/ (Increase) in group debtor

275,271

(536,719

)

Finance costs

6,872

6,139

Finance income

(88

)

(3

)

1,040,313

(291,178

)

Decrease/(increase) in trade and other debtors

303,749

(1,315,019

)

(Decrease)/increase in trade and other creditors

(1,451,591

)

3,212,094

Cash generated from operations

(107,529

)

1,605,897

2.	CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The amounts disclosed on the Cash Flow Statement in respect of cash and cash equivalents are in respect of these Balance Sheet amounts:

Year ended 31 March 2023

31.3.23

1.4.22

£

£

Cash and cash equivalents

679,872

1,321,234

Year ended 31 March 2022

31.3.22

1.4.21

£

£

Cash and cash equivalents

1,321,234

3,290

Bank overdrafts

-

(16,929

)

1,321,234

(13,639

)

3.	ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET FUNDS

At 1.4.22

Cash flow

At 31.3.23

£

£

£

Net cash

Cash at bank

1,321,234

(641,362

)

679,872

1,321,234

(641,362

)

679,872

Debt

Finance leases

-

(24,746

)

(24,746

)

Debts falling due within 1 year

(28,008

)

4,437

(23,571

)

Debts falling due after 1 year

(98,125

)

18,052

(80,073

)

(126,133

)

(2,257

)

(128,390

)

Total

1,195,101

(643,619

)

551,482

1.	STATUTORY INFORMATION

Technica Limited is a private company, limited by shares , registered in England and Wales. The company's registered number and registered office address can be found on the Company Information page.

2.	ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" and the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modified by the revaluation of certain assets.

Turnover

Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes.

The company recognises revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, and it is probable that future economic benefits can be reliably measured, and it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the entity. Revenue consists of services and is recognised in the accounting periods in which the services are rendered.

Tangible fixed assets

Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life or, if held under a finance lease, over the lease term, whichever is the shorter.

Fixtures and fittings

-

33% on cost and 25% on cost

Motor vehicles

-

25% on cost

Tangible assets are initially measured at cost. After initial recognition, tangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation.

Freehold Property

Freehold properties are revalued annually and any surplus or deficit is dealt with via the non-distributable reserve. No depreciation is provided in respect of freehold properties.

Government grants

The company receives government grants in respect of apprenticeships. These grants are recognised based on the amount received or receivable when there is reasonable assurance that the company will comply with conditions attaching to them.

Taxation

Taxation for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current or deferred taxation assets and liabilities are not discounted.

Current tax is recognised at the amount of tax payable using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance sheet date.

Timing differences arise from the inclusion of income and expenses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they are recognised in financial statements. Deferred tax is measured using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the year end and that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference.

Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits.

Foreign currencies

Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving at the operating result.

Hire purchase and leasing commitments

Assets obtained under hire purchase contracts or finance leases are capitalised in the balance sheet. Those held under hire purchase contracts are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Those held under finance leases are depreciated over their estimated useful lives or the lease term, whichever is the shorter. The interest element of these obligations is charged to profit or loss over the relevant period. The capital element of the future payments is treated as a liability.

Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the company's pension scheme are charged to profit or loss in the period to which they relate.

Financial instruments

The limited company enters into basic financial instrument transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities such as trade and other debtors and creditors, loans from and to related parties and bank loans.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and bank deposits.

Trade debtors

Trade debtors are amounts due for goods sold or services rendered in the ordinary course of business.

Trade debtors are recognised initially at the transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. A provision for the impairment of trade debtors is established when there is objective evidence that the company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the debtor.

Trade creditors

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers.

Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities of the company does not have an unconditional right, at the end of the reporting date, to defer settlement of the creditor for at least twelve months after the reporting date.If there is an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting date, they are presented as non-current liabilities.

Trade creditors are recognised initially at the transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are made where an event has taken place that gives the Company a legal or constructive obligation that probably requires settlement by a transfer of economic benefit, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

Provisions are charged as an expense to the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings in the year that the Company becomes aware of the obligation, and are measured at the best estimate at the Balance Sheet date of the expenditure required to settle the obligation, taking into account relevant risks and uncertainties.

When payments are eventually made, they are charged to the provision carried in the Balance Sheet.

3.	CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY

The Company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. Management are also required to exercise judgement in the process of applying the Company's accounting policies. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The estimates and assumptions that have an increased risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are addressed below.

In preparing these financial statements, the directors have made the following judgements:

Depreciation and residual values

The directors have reviewed the asset lives and associated residual values of all tangible fixed asset classes and have concluded that asset lives and residual values are appropriate.

The actual lives of the assets and residual values are assessed annually and may vary depending on a number of factors. In re-assessing asset lives, factors such as technological innovation, product life cycles and maintenance programmes are taken into account. Residual value assessments consider issues such as future market conditions, the remaining life of the asset and projected disposal values.

Recoverability of trade debtors

Trade and other debtors are recognised to the extent that they are judged recoverable. Management reviews are performed to estimate the level of reserves required for irrecoverable debt. Provisions are made specifically against invoices where recoverability is considered to be uncertain.

Management makes allowance for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the recoverability of debtors. Allowances are applied to debtors where events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Management specifically analyse historical bad debts, customer creditworthiness, current economic trends and changes in customer payment terms when making a judgement to evaluate the adequacy of the provision for doubtful debts. Where the expectation is different from the original estimate, such difference will impact the carrying value of debtors and the charge in the profit and loss account.

Taxation

There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Company recognises liabilities for anticipated tax issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due.

Management estimation is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognised, based upon likely timing and level of future taxable profits together with an assessment of the effect of future tax planning strategies.

Provisions

A provision is recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event for which it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. If the effect is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flow at a rate that reflects the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

4.

TURNOVER

The turnover and profit before taxation are attributable to the one principal activity of the company.

An analysis of turnover by geographical market is given below:

2023

2022

£

£

United Kingdom

20,823,069

12,326,039

Non UK Sales

623,210

200,056

21,446,279

12,526,095

5.	OTHER OPERATING INCOME

During the year the company received income in regard to apprenticeship Grants of £13,200 (2022: £5,493. The amounts received are included in Other Operating Income.

6.	EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS

2023

2022

£

£

Wages and salaries

3,359,319

2,622,791

Social security costs

68,279

45,262

Other pension costs

89,114

67,361

3,516,712

2,735,414

The average number of employees during the year was as follows:

2023

2022

Costs of sales

41

34

Admin

14

8

Directors

2

3

57

45

7.	DIRECTORS' EMOLUMENTS

2023

2022

£

£

Directors' remuneration

139,247

198,254

Directors' pension contributions to money purchase schemes

3,800

10,060

The number of directors to whom retirement benefits were accruing was as follows:

Money purchase schemes

1

2

8.	OPERATING PROFIT

The operating profit is stated after charging:

2023

2022

£

£

Hire of plant and machinery

570,208

146,873

Other operating leases

12,636

11,755

Depreciation - owned assets

36,638

25,501

Depreciation - assets on hire purchase contracts

5,270

-

Loss on disposal of fixed assets

-

13,146

9.	AUDITORS' REMUNERATION

2023

2022

£

£

Fees payable to the company's auditors for the audit of the company's financial statements

17,500

-

10.

INTEREST PAYABLE AND SIMILAR EXPENSES

2023

2022

£

£

Bank loan interest

5,697

6,139

Hire purchase interest

1,175

-

6,872

6,139

11.

TAXATION

Analysis of the tax credit

The tax credit on the profit for the year was as follows:

2023

2022

£

£

Current tax:

UK corporation tax

(144,873

)

(175,050

)

Deferred tax

19,919

-

Tax on profit

(124,954

)

(175,050

)

UK corporation tax has been charged at 19% .