ACCOUNTS - Final Accounts


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Registered number: 04433957









J C A ENGINEERING LTD









ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION


Directors
I D Hodges-Jackson 
T A Absalom 
D Cocklin 
T J Edwins 
L Mak 
I Coleman 
D G Johnson 




Company secretary
A C Stillman



Registered number
04433957



Registered office
Solar House
Stevenage Leisure Park

Kings Way

Stevenage

Hertfordshire

SG1 2UA




Independent auditors
Barnes Roffe LLP
Chartered Accountants

Leytonstone House

Leytonstone

London

E11 1GA





 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 

CONTENTS



Page
Strategic report
 
 
1 - 3
Directors' report
 
 
4 - 6
Independent auditors' report
 
 
7 - 10
Statement of Comprehensive Income
 
 
11
Balance sheet
 
 
12
Statement of changes in equity
 
 
13
Notes to the financial statements
 
 
14 - 27


 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Introduction
 
The directors present their Strategic Report for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Business review
 
J C A Engineering Ltd is an independently owned multi-faceted engineering services and construction business. Its core expertise is in buildings and facilities with operational reliance on business-critical engineering systems. Delivering a comprehensive range of services, from design, engineering and construction to fitout and maintenance, to meet the needs of clients operating in several industry sectors, including Data Centres, Healthcare, Science and Technology and corporate and commercial property, the company provides a bespoke solution to every client requirement. The company’s mission is to be recognised as leading its industry in service and innovation through engineering and business excellence.
A significant amount of the company’s turnover is generated through repeat business year on year, which the company maintains through strong working relationships with its clients, offering innovative solutions with its highly skilled engineering teams and effective responses to the ever-changing environments in which they work. Regardless of business sector, J C A Engineering Ltd’s clients share a similar set of core values and demand high quality standards from their service partners.
Performance has been strong across the primary business divisions of engineering projects, maintenance services, and design & consultancy. Turnover in the year has increased to £61.5m for the company (2020: £52.1m) and profit after tax increased to £4.2m (2020: £2.1m) in line with expectations. The increase in turnover is primarily due to organic growth in the projects division driven by demand from existing clients and the securing of new clients.
The financial position of the company is strong with cash at bank and in hand of £14.2m (2020: £10.4m), net current assets of £8.8m (2020: £6.6m) and net assets of £8.8m (2020: £6.6m).
Working capital management is a key focus of the company, and through the control of trade debtors and being cash positive over the life of a contract, the balance sheet position and cash liquidity remain strong at 31 December 2021.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
J C A Engineering Ltd.’s strategy is to reduce risk and build sustainable income streams with increasing margins and to continually increase the quality of its service to its customers. Key risks to the business include: 

Health and Safety
 
Safety is one of the company’s 5 core business values and part of everything it does. As part of the strategic plan to continually improve the company continues to invest in HSE resources to meet statutory requirements and to influence behavioural change and development within the business. This investment continues throughout the business, with increased levels of training both within the HSE and contract delivery teams, increasing their capability to audit, comment and feedback on business operations and proactively drive a “safety first” culture. This investment has resulted in JCA maintaining its RoSPA Gold Award, it’s fourth in a row in 2021.

Page 1

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 

STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Delivery Risk
 
Delivery of on-time projects, that are within budget and to the prerequisite quality while making an appropriate return is paramount to J C A Engineering Ltd.’s ongoing success. The performance of contracts is continuously monitored, with corrective action taken when performance KPI’s are not being met. The company’s investment in process improvements, quality, and IT systems across all of its business streams supports the aim to mitigate delivery risk as the company grows.
The Company recognises that due diligence of client covenant and ability to pay is paramount to ensuring risks are mitigated. As contract sizes have increased, so too has the breadth of due diligence processes to assess clients’ ability to pay. The company’s strategy is to work with end user clients, and by maintaining this strategy by being disciplined in choosing who to contract with, the Company minimises its exposure to main and prime contractors. 

Geopolitical
 
The company is aware of escalated political events in eastern Europe and recognises that there have been macro-economic impacts because of this, including the increased price of commodities such as oil, gas, and raw materials, resulting in increased energy, fuel, and materials costs. After assessing these factors, it has been concluded that there will be no impact to J C A Engineering Ltd.’s going concern assumption. Although not solely in response to the geopolitical situation the company has elected to pilot an innovative cyber security service that assesses the cyber security of clients, and, more importantly supply chain, so that the threat of cyber-attack from within either group can be better assessed and mitigated.

Covid-19

As more restrictions were lifted in the year and vaccines were rolled out across the UK population, the risks associated with COVID-19 have been assessed and mitigated. Whilst the immediate risks were managed in the prior year as the pandemic broke out, there have been long-term impacts to society, the UK and global economy. The company are managing these risks by working closely with its employees, customers, and supply chain. 

Customer concentration risk

The Company aims to maintain a diverse portfolio of services across a range of industries; however the volume and scale of engineering projects can give rise to concentration of turnover by customer, and operational or financial difficulties of a major customer could disrupt operations of the business. The directors and key management maintain close working relationships with customers to aid early identification and reporting of potential problems, and the working capital is managed closely throughout the contract to reduce exposure to ongoing work.
In 2021, J C A Engineering Ltd had a much more diversified portfolio of clients with its largest client representing 21.7% of turnover (2020: 40.6%), reducing the risk of high customer dependency.
Other challenges faced include ongoing deferment of investment decisions, availability of skilled labour and inherent uncertainty in the long-term nature of projects undertaken, which impacts across the industry. The board and senior management team regularly discuss and review these challenges and look to take mitigating actions where possible. 

Page 2

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 

STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Health & safety

J C A Engineering Ltd recognises that people are its most important asset and that to minimise unnecessary costs and associated disruption to the business, staff retention is a key requisite. A stable workforce is also one that is best able to maximise the potential and efficiency of business systems and processes, and to develop through continued learning and development. The company has worked extremely hard to ensure that its people have been able to work throughout the Covid-19 pandemic in a way that ensures their safety, be it at home or in the workplace. The Company has continued to offer further mental and physical health and wellbeing programmes, activities, and initiatives to ensure that its people feel fully supported and equipped to deal with the unprecedented challenges that have been faced during the pandemic. The feedback from staff has been extremely positive and in early 2022 the company were awarded the ‘we invest in people’ accreditation from Investors in People, a standard that sets out the criteria for high performance through its people.
Recruiting talent has been a challenge within the engineering industry for several years. Due to the confidence the company has in its forecast pipeline for all business sectors, it can take advantage of the apprenticeship levy scheme and has recruited staff into engineering apprenticeship roles on a number of resident managed service contracts. The plan is to continue with this strategy, with more apprenticeships in place through 2022 both within the engineering sector, and across the wider business functions that support the company’s operations. 

Secton 172 (1) Statement

The Directors of J C A Engineering Limited have a legal responsibility under section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 to act in a way, the Company considers, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the Company’s success for the benefit of its members as a whole, and to have regard to the long-term effect of its decisions on the company and its stakeholders and in doing so must have regard to the following:
• The likely consequences of any decision in the long term,
• The interests of the company’s employees
• The need to foster the company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers, and others,
• The impact of the company’s operations on the community and the environment
• The desirability of the company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct, and
• The need to act fairly between members of the company  


This report was approved by the board on 26 April 2022 and signed on its behalf.



I D Hodges-Jackson
Director

Page 3

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic report, the Directors' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the Statement of Comprehensive Income of the Company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Principal activity

The principal activity of the company in the year under review was that of mechanical, electrical and building engineering services. 

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £4,217,860 (2020 - £2,125,514).

Dividends paid during the year totalled £2,006,320 (2020 - £524,500). The directors do not propose a final dividend.

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

I D Hodges-Jackson 
T A Absalom 
D Cocklin 
T J Edwins 
L Mak 
I Coleman 
D G Johnson 
Page 4

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021


Future developments

At the date of signing this report, we have secured 51% of our revenue target for 2022. Pipeline continues to be strong with weighted opportunities supporting the growth forecast in 2022 and 2023.
With continued investment in key account business development initiatives and continuation of our customer service focus we are confident of maintaining and building quality pipeline for the medium to long-term future of the business.

Engagement with suppliers, customers and other stakeholders


The Covid-19 pandemic and to a lesser degree Brexit, both impacted our customers and our supply chain in 2021. 
Throughout 2021 the Board of Directors maintained regular strategic communications with key members of the supply chain, to ensure that risks associated with supply chain performance were identified at an early stage, and that mitigation measures were put in place to minimise impact to our business operations. Divisional heads were required to formally report to the board on all aspects of risk on their contracts on a monthly basis, where specific risks were identified the frequency for review would be higher. 
In addition, the Board of Directors maintained regular communications with key customers and wider stakeholders with the objective of ensuring that any potential impacts to service would be dealt with in a collaborative and non-contractual manner to achieve outcomes that were favourable to both parties. Throughout 2021 JCA built on its customer focused approach in many cases strengthening long term relationships during adversity.

Greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and energy efficiency action

The annual quantity of energy usage in 2021 was 11,362 kWh (2020: 9,865 kWh) at our Head Office in Stevenage based on actual meter readings off tenanted meters covering the 1st floor at Solar House. Based on 8,850sq ft of leased space this equates to 1.28 kWh per sq. ft (2020: 1.11 kWh per sq. ft). This was a 15.2% increase in usage on prior year, however it should be noted that prior year was impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic and fewer employees were able to utilise the office.
We continue to monitor our energy usage and encourage our staff to do the same in terms of using technology to reduce time travelling to meetings, printing less and working from home.





Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information.

Page 5

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

Post balance sheet events

There have been no significant events affecting the Company since the year end.

Going concern

After preparing integrated profit and loss, balance sheet and cash flow forecasts to 31 December 2022, the Board of Directors have formed a judgement that, as at the date of approving the financial statements, the Company has adequate resources to meet its liabilities going forward.

Strategic report

Information as required by schedule 7 of the Large and Medium-sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 has been included in the Strategic Report. 

Auditors

The auditorsBarnes Roffe LLPwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board on 26 April 2022 and signed on its behalf.
 





I D Hodges-Jackson
Director

Page 6

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of J C A Engineering Ltd (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 December 2021, which comprise the Statement of comprehensive income, the Balance sheet, the Statement of changes in equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 December 2021 and of its profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Page 7

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF J C A ENGINEERING LTD (CONTINUED)


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and  our Auditors' report thereon.  The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual Report.  Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves.  If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Strategic report and the Directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic report or the Directors' report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the Directors' responsibilities statement set out on page 4, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 8

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF J C A ENGINEERING LTD (CONTINUED)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Our approach to identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, was as follows:
- The engagement partner ensured that the engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence, capabilities and skills to identify or recognise non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations;
- We identified the laws and regulations applicable to the company through discussions with directors and other management, and from our commercial knowledge and experience of the relevant sector;
- We focused on specific laws and regulations, which we considered may have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the operations of the company, including the Companies Act 2006 and ISO standards;
- We assessed the extent of compliance with laws and regulations identified above through making enquires of management and inspecting legal correspondence and identified laws and regulations were communicated within the audit team regularly and the team remained alert to instances of non-compliance throughout the audit.
We assessed the susceptibility of the company’s financial statements to material misstatement, including obtaining an understanding of how fraud might occur, by:
- Making enquires of management as to where they considered there was susceptibility to fraud, their knowledge of actual suspected and alleged fraud; and 
- Considering the internal controls in place to mitigate risks of fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations.
To address the risk of fraud through management bias and override of controls, we:
- Performed analytical procedures to identify and unusual or unexpected relationships;
- Tested journal entries to identify unusual transactions;
- Assessed whether judgements and assumptions made in determining the accounting estimates were indicative of potential bias; and 
- Investigated the rationale behind significant or unusual transactions.
There are inherent limitations in our audit procedures described above. The more removed that laws and regulations are from financial statements, the less likely it is that we would become aware of non-compliance. Auditing standards also limit the audit procedures to identify non-compliance with laws and regulations to enquiry of the directors and other management and the inspection of regulatory and legal correspondence, if any.
 
 
Page 9

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF J C A ENGINEERING LTD (CONTINUED)


Material misstatements that arise due to fraud can be harder to detect that those that arise from errors as they may involve deliberate concealment or collusion.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' report.


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





Simon Liggins (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of
Barnes Roffe LLP
Chartered Accountants
Leytonstone House
Leytonstone
London
E11 1GA

27 April 2022
Page 10

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

2021
2020
                                                                                                                        Note
£
£

  

Turnover
 4 
61,526,696
52,051,616

Cost of sales
  
(47,959,933)
(42,064,848)

Gross profit
  
13,566,763
9,986,768

Distribution costs
  
(720,465)
(704,679)

Administrative expenses
  
(7,959,569)
(6,995,371)

Operating profit
 5 
4,886,729
2,286,718

Interest receivable and similar income
  
34
1,772

Interest payable and similar expenses
  
-
(2,335)

Profit before tax
  
4,886,763
2,286,155

Tax on profit
 8 
(668,903)
(160,641)

Profit for the financial year
  
4,217,860
2,125,514

There were no recognised gains and losses for 2021 or 2020 other than those included in the statement of comprehensive income.

There was no other comprehensive income for 2021 (2020:£NIL).

The notes on pages 14 to 27 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
REGISTERED NUMBER: 04433957

BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021

2021
2021
2020
2020
                                                                          Note
£
£
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 10 
1,620
1,906

Tangible assets
 11 
85,412
53,253

  
87,032
55,159

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 12 
10,770,255
14,129,645

Cash at bank and in hand
 13 
14,183,875
10,379,051

  
24,954,130
24,508,696

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 14 
(16,209,387)
(17,943,620)

Net current assets
  
 
 
8,744,743
 
 
6,565,076

Total assets less current liabilities
  
8,831,775
6,620,235

  

Net assets
  
8,831,775
6,620,235


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 16 
700
700

Capital redemption reserve
 17 
300
300

Profit and loss account
 17 
8,830,775
6,619,235

  
8,831,775
6,620,235


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 26 April 2022.




I D Hodges-Jackson
Director

The notes on pages 14 to 27 form part of these financial statements.

Page 12

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021


Called up share capital
Capital redemption reserve
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£


At 1 January 2020
700
300
5,018,221
5,019,221


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
-
2,125,514
2,125,514
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
2,125,514
2,125,514

Equity dividends paid
-
-
(524,500)
(524,500)


Total transactions with owners
-
-
(524,500)
(524,500)



At 1 January 2021
700
300
6,619,235
6,620,235


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
-
4,217,860
4,217,860
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
4,217,860
4,217,860

Equity dividends paid
-
-
(2,006,320)
(2,006,320)


Total transactions with owners
-
-
(2,006,320)
(2,006,320)


At 31 December 2021
700
300
8,830,775
8,831,775


The notes on pages 14 to 27 form part of these financial statements.

Page 13

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

1.


General information

J C A Engineering Ltd is a private limited liability company limited by shares and incorporated in England & Wales and domiciled in England. 
The registered number is 04433957 and the registered office is Solar House, Stevenage Leisure Park, Kings Way, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2UA. 
The principal activity of the company in the year under review was that of mechanical, electrical and building engineering services. 

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3).

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Financial Reporting Standard 102 - reduced disclosure exemptions

The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by the FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland":
the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows;
the requirements of Section 3 Financial Statement Presentation paragraph 3.17(d);
the requirements of Section 11 Financial Instruments paragraphs 11.42, 11.44 to 11.45, 11.47, 11.48(a)(iii), 11.48(a)(iv), 11.48(b) and 11.48(c);
the requirements of Section 12 Other Financial Instruments paragraphs 12.26 to 12.27, 12.29(a), 12.29(b) and 12.29A;
the requirements of Section 33 Related Party Disclosures paragraph 33.7.

This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of JCA Head Co Limited as at 31 December 2021 and these financial statements may be obtained from Solar House, Stevenage Leisure Park, Kings Way, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2UA. .

 
2.3

Going concern

After preparing integrated profit and loss, balance sheet and cash flow forecasts to 31 December 2022, the Board of Directors have formed a judgement that, as at the date of approving the financial statements, the Company has adequate resources to meet its liabilities going forward.

Page 14

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.4

Turnover

Turnover is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the turnover can be reliably measured. Turnover is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before turnover is recognised:
Long term contracts
Turnover is recognised as contract activity progresses. Turnover is stated at cost appropriate to the stage of completion of the contract plus attributable profit, less amounts recognised in previous years.
Retention income
Revenue from retentions is recognised as they become payable.

 
2.5

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. The patent costs have been amortised at a rate of 15% per annum on a reducing balance basis.

 
2.6

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

The Company adds to the carrying amount of an item of fixed assets the cost of replacing part of such an item when that cost is incurred, if the replacement part is expected to provide incremental future benefits to the Company. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognised. Repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the period in which they are incurred.

Page 15

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.6
Tangible fixed assets (continued)

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, on a reducing balance basis.

The estimated useful lives range as follows:

Fixtures and fittings
-
3 - 5 years
Computer equipment
-
3 - 5 years
Other fixed assets
-
3 - 5 years

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.

 
2.7

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 
2.8

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

 
2.9

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

 
2.10

Financial instruments

The Company only enters into basic financial instrument transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities like trade and other debtors and creditors, loans from banks and other third parties, loans to related parties and investments in ordinary shares.

Financial assets that are measured at cost and amortised cost are assessed at the end of each reporting period for objective evidence of impairment. If objective evidence of impairment is found, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of comprehensive income.

For financial assets measured at amortised cost, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between an asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated cash flows discounted at the asset's original effective interest rate. If a financial asset has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the contract.

For financial assets measured at cost less impairment, the impairment loss is measured as the
Page 16

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.10
Financial instruments (continued)

difference between an asset's carrying amount and best estimate of the recoverable amount, which is an approximation of the amount that the Company would receive for the asset if it were to be sold at the balance sheet date.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the Balance sheet when there is an enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

 
2.11

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.12

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.

 
2.13

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

 
2.14

Interest income

Interest income is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income using the effective interest method.

 
2.15

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are made where an event has taken place that gives the Company a legal or constructive obligation that probably requires settlement by a transfer of economic benefit, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
Provisions are charged as an expense to profit or loss in the year that the Company becomes aware of the obligation, and are measured at the best estimate at the balance sheet date of the expenditure required to settle the obligation, taking into account relevant risks and uncertainties.
When payments are eventually made, they are charged to the provision carried in the Balance sheet.

Page 17

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.16

Research and development

In the research phase of an internal project it is not possible to demonstrate that the project will generate future economic benefits and hence all expenditure on research shall be recognised as an expense when it is incurred. Intangible assets are recognised from the development phase of a project if and only if certain specific criteria are met in order to demonstrate the asset will generate probable future economic benefits and that its cost can be reliably measured. 

 
2.17

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits;
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met; and
Where they relate to timing differences in respect of interests in subsidiaries, associates, branches and joint ventures and the Company can control the reversal of the timing differences and such reversal is not considered probable in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

 
2.18

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

Page 18

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

3.


Judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 
Critical accounting estimates and assumptions: 
The company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are addressed below. 
Long term contracts 
Income is recognised based on costs incurred to date as a percentage of the total costs on the contract. 
Impairment of debtors 
The company makes an estimate of the recoverable value of trade and other debtors. When assessing impairment of trade and other debtors, management considers factors including the current credit rating of the debtor, the ageing profile of debtors and historical experience. 
Research and development provisions 
Provision has been made in the financial statements for the total claim expected to be received relating to research and development expenditure during the year. 


4.


Turnover

The whole of the turnover is attributable to the one principal business activity, other than an amount of £49,903 (2020 - £277,189) received from the government in regard to the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.
The directors have not provided information in relation to revenue generated from the various classes of business during the year as, in the opinion of the directors, disclosure of such information would be seriously prejudicial to the company's interests. 

All turnover arose within the United Kingdom.

Page 19

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

5.


Operating profit

The operating profit is stated after charging:

2021
2020
£
£

Depreciation of tangible fixed assets
29,086
73,706

Amortisation of intangible assets
286
336

Fees payable to the company's auditor for the audit of the company's annual financial statements
22,000
22,000

Other operating lease rentals
366,945
403,625

Defined contribution pension cost
337,073
350,604


6.


Employees

Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:


2021
2020
£
£

Wages and salaries
10,451,177
9,032,607

Social security costs
1,228,786
977,318

Cost of defined contribution scheme
337,073
350,604

12,017,036
10,360,529


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


        2021
        2020
            No.
            No.







Employees
180
164



Directors
7
7

187
171

Page 20

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

7.


Directors' remuneration

2021
2020
£
£

Directors' emoluments
767,477
749,445

Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes
52,604
71,484

820,081
820,929


During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 4 directors (2020 - 5) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

The highest paid director received remuneration of £162,102 (2020 - £145,117).

The value of the Company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to £12,000 (2020 - £11,000).


8.


Taxation


2021
2020
£
£

Corporation tax


Current year tax charge/(credit)
658,006
150,328

Adjustments in respect of previous periods
9,188
(18,323)


667,194
132,005


Total current tax
667,194
132,005

Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
1,709
28,636

Total deferred tax
1,709
28,636


Taxation on profit on ordinary activities
668,903
160,641
Page 21

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021
 
8.Taxation (continued)


Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is lower than (2020 - lower than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19% (2020 - 19%). The differences are explained below:

2021
2020
£
£


Profit on ordinary activities before tax
4,886,763
2,286,155


Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19% (2020 - 19%)
928,485
434,369

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
1,783
23,704

Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior periods
9,188
(18,323)

Research and development tax credits
(262,598)
(275,783)

Effects in change in deferred tax
(7,955)
(3,326)

Total tax charge for the year
668,903
160,641


Factors that may affect future tax charges

There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.


9.


Dividends

2021
2020
£
£


Equity dividends paid
2,006,320
524,500

Page 22

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

10.


Intangible assets




Patents

£



Cost


At 1 January 2021
11,990



At 31 December 2021

11,990



Amortisation


At 1 January 2021
10,084


Charge for the year on owned assets
286



At 31 December 2021

10,370



Net book value



At 31 December 2021
1,620



At 31 December 2020
1,906



Page 23

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

11.


Tangible fixed assets





Fixtures and fittings
Computer equipment
Other fixed assets
Total

£
£
£
£



Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2021
19,736
230,330
48,179
298,245


Additions
7,975
53,269
-
61,244



At 31 December 2021

27,711
283,599
48,179
359,489



Depreciation


At 1 January 2021
17,202
205,372
22,418
244,992


Charge for the year on owned assets
2,919
15,179
10,987
29,085



At 31 December 2021

20,121
220,551
33,405
274,077



Net book value



At 31 December 2021
7,590
63,048
14,774
85,412



At 31 December 2020
2,534
24,958
25,761
53,253


12.


Debtors

2021
2020
£
£


Trade debtors
7,575,992
10,036,672

Amounts owed by group undertakings
1,246,754
1,864,964

Other debtors
453,843
693,017

Prepayments and accrued income
670,362
501,891

Amounts recoverable on long-term contracts
823,304
1,031,392

Deferred taxation
-
1,709

10,770,255
14,129,645


An impairment provision, due to irrecoverable trade debtors, of £53,200 (2020 - £86,591) has been recognised at the balance sheet date. 

Page 24

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

13.


Cash and cash equivalents

2021
2020
£
£

Cash at bank and in hand
14,183,875
10,379,051



14.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2021
2020
£
£

Trade creditors
4,674,562
5,560,042

Amounts owed to group undertakings
31,668
64,641

Corporation tax
399,149
11,953

Other taxation and social security
2,011,701
2,898,537

Other creditors
160,298
119,322

Accruals and deferred income
8,932,009
9,289,125

16,209,387
17,943,620



15.


Deferred taxation




2021
2020


£

£






At beginning of year
1,709
30,345


Utilised in year
(1,709)
(28,636)



At end of year
-
1,709

The deferred tax asset is made up as follows:

2021
2020
£
£


Accelerated capital allowances
-
1,709

Page 25

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

16.


Share capital

2021
2020
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



700 (2020 - 700) Ordinary shares of £1.00 each
700
700


Ordinary shares carry full dividend and voting rights and rights to distribution on winding up. 



17.


Reserves

Profit and loss account

Profit and loss account reserve relates to accumulated profits less distributions to shareholders. 


18.


Pension commitments

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme for its directors and employees. The assets of the schemes are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund. 
During the year contributions to the scheme totalled £337,073
 (2020 - £350,604). 
There were £68,867 (2020- £89,990) contributions outstanding at the year end. 

Page 26

 
J C A ENGINEERING LTD
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

19.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 December 2021 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2021
2020
£
£

Land and Buildings


Not later than 1 year
180,983
179,955

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
452,456
628,793

633,439
808,748

2021
2020

£
£

Other


Not later than 1 year
167,896
170,780

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
163,136
153,746

331,032
324,526


20.


Related party transactions

The company has taken advantage of the exemption available in FRS 102 section 33.1A from disclosing transactions with other wholly owned subsidiaries of JCA HQ Group Holdings Ltd. 


21.


Controlling party

The company's ultimate parent company at the balance sheet date was JCA Head Co Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales. JCA Head Co Limited is the parent of JCA HQ Group Holdings Ltd, the company's immediate parent. 
The consolidated accounts of JCA Head Co Limited represents the smallest group for which consolidated accounts are prepared. 
The registered office of JCA Head Co Limited is Solar House, Stevenage Leisure Park, Kings Way, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2UA. 
The company's ultimate controlling party is I D Hodges-Jackson by virtue of his majority shareholding in the ultimate parent company. 

Page 27