BOARDLINK_LIMITED - Accounts

The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Principal activities

The principal activity of the company continued to be that of the manufacture of other articles of paper and paperboard not elsewhere classified.

Nature of the business and product portfolio

Boardlink Limited is a family owned business with the primary aim of providing a consistent return for its shareholders into the future.

To this end current and new business is reviewed and analysed to evaluate and ensure profitability and costs are continually examined and challenged. The business consists of five product sectors;

1. Cartonboard (sheeting of folding box board mainly for merchants, printers and packaging companies).

2. Laminating (laminating various boards mainly for display board for printers and luxury packaging).

3. Plates (conversion of board to paper plates).

4. Trays (conversion of board to food trays).

5. Wipes (conversion of tissue to industrial wipes).

The range of products is there to help stabilise returns by spreading risk as short- or long-term decreases in one sector would be looked to be offset by another.

The industry market and competitive environment

Following another year of disruption resulting in unparalleled utility price rises which together with mill capacity closures coupled with the strike at UPM mill in Finland has meant supply is barely sufficient and the cartonboard market is likely to remain a sellers’ market well into 2022.

Demand for cartonboard remains robust in the UK with B grades also selling out without any

problem.

Boardlink has and will continue to be affected by this reduced supply which is being offset by increased service sheeting work. This shift to a greater proportion of service work looks set to continue.

Principal market and business risks

In the opinion of the directors the principal market and operation risks of the group are as follows:

Market Risks

• Historically raw material price increases could not be fully passed onto customers with margins eroded as a result. Inflation across all areas of input costs mean these costs are having to be applied. This creates natural disruption of customer/market mix where these increased costs are not able to be sustained.

• Lack of financial strength of the main customer base, for example, printers and carton makers.

Operational Risks

• Key members of staff may leave, or turnover of staff may increase.

• National living wage.

• Stability of raw material supplies.

• Unfavourable economic conditions and general market uncertainty leading to reduced availability of credit insurance and lower credit limits restricting the ability to trade freely.

• Covid-19 has had a significant impact on turnover over both 2020 and 2021. Boardlink is a responsive business and our flat structure allowed quick reactions to changes in volume during the year translating in this case to a restructure midway through 2020. Changes to processes in both the factory and offices have been bedded in and Boardlink is fully Covid-19 compliant with government guidelines on working safely.

Financial review

Revenues and margin

In line with forecasts 2021 turnover at company level decreased by 3.44%. At product sector level Trays and Wipes saw the biggest decreases year on year due to Brexit and the end of the boom in sanitised wipes but these were offset by increases in Cartonboard all due to service sheeting and Lamination due to increased demand for point of sale. 2022 will continue to be buoyed by service work in all areas as our own sectors sales continue to be hampered by reduced supply of raw materials.

Operating expenses

Distribution costs down due to reduced own sales and administrative costs remaining fairly stable.

Fixed assets

Investment centred upon various upgrades to machinery and replacement factory fixtures and fittings together with an update of sitewide IT infrastructure.

The directors do not envisage any need for significant expenditure on replacement assets but rather moderate expenditure on improvements and refurbishments to extend the life of assets currently in use.

Net working capital

Net working capital is defined as stock, trade debtors and trade creditors. Levels have increased year on year mainly due to reduced creditors -27.3% mainly due to timing on our main raw material supplier. There were slight increases in debtors (5.4%) and stocks (4.9%).

Financing

The business continues to use an invoice financing scheme to fund short term cash needs and has no external long-term debt.

The following key performance indicators have been identified by the board as most relevant to measure the

performance of the company:

                                2021            2020

Net revenue                            15,976,414        16,546,107

Net revenue growth                        -3.44%            -20.69%

Gross profit                            3,915,113        3,656,598

Gross profit percentage                        24.50%            22.09%

Operating margin                            1,093,485        449,243

Operating margin percentage                    6.84%            2.72%

Net current assets                        2,995,012        2,573,121

Current ratio                            1.89            1.99

The company has managed to increase its return despite or indeed because of turnover fluctuations within the five sectors. Support costs saw decreases in temporary labour spend, repairs and maintenance, support payroll costs and freight resulting in an improved operating margin.

Company prospects

The company occupies a niche in the Cartonboard market and will continue to mitigate its risk in this sector with the development of its Service work in all feasible areas. Boardlink’s experience and skills will help us to continue to further exploit existing markets and develop new opportunities to maintain our position.

Results

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £816,126 (2020: £350,427).

Financial risk management objectives and policies

Liquidity is managed through an invoice financing scheme which has sufficient headroom to ensure all business operating cash needs are satisfied.

The company has little exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations through its current activities and does not operate any special schemes to manage exposure to interest rate changes, however, the financing costs are monitored on a regular basis.

Credit terms and receivable balances are monitored on an on-going basis and a credit insurance scheme is used to limit exposure where possible with provision for bad debts being made when necessary.

On behalf of the board

The directors present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021.

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £816,126 (2020: £350,427).

The total distributions of dividends for the year was £281,935 (2020: £691,835).

The directors who held office during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were as follows:

There are no adjusting or non-adjusting events which have come to light at this current time.

The auditor, DSG, is deemed to be reappointed under section 487(2) of the Companies Act 2006.

The company has chosen in accordance with Companies Act 2006, s. 414C(11) to set out in the company's strategic report information required by Large and Medium-sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008, Sch. 7 to be contained in the directors' report.

So far as each person who was a director at the date of approving this report is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company’s auditor is unaware. Additionally, the directors individually have taken all the necessary steps that they ought to have taken as directors in order to make themselves aware of all relevant audit information and to establish that the company’s auditor is aware of that information.

The directors are responsible for preparing the annual report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

•     select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

•     make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

•     prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

We have audited the financial statements of Boardlink Limited (the 'company') for the year ended 31 December 2021 which comprise the statement of comprehensive income, the balance sheet, the statement of changes in equity and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

•     give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 December 2021 and of its profit for the year then ended;

•     have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and

•     have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit:

• the information given in the strategic report and the directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

• the strategic report and the directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors' report. We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

•     adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or

•     the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

•     certain disclosures of remuneration specified by law are not made; or

•     we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

As explained more fully in the directors' responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below.

Capability of the audit in detecting irregularities, including fraud

Discussions with and enquiries of management and those charged with governance were held with a view to identifying those laws and regulations that could be expected to have a material impact on the financial statements. During the engagement team briefing, the outcomes of these discussions and enquiries were shared with the team, as well as consideration as to where and how fraud may occur in the entity. The following laws and regulations were identified as being of significance to the entity:

• Those laws and regulations considered to have a direct effect on the financial statements include UK financial reporting standards, Company Law, Tax and Pensions legislation, and distributable profits legislation.

• Those laws and regulations for which non-compliance may be fundamental to the operating aspects of the business and therefore may have a material effect on the financial statements include environmental regulations, health and safety legislation, trades description act and employment legislation.

Audit procedures undertaken in response to the potential risks relating to irregularities (which include fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations) comprised of: inquiries of management and those charged with governance as to whether the entity complies with such laws and regulations; enquiries with the same concerning any actual or potential litigation or claims; inspection of relevant legal correspondence; review of board minutes; testing the appropriateness of journal entries; reviewing post year end payments for evidence of claims pay outs and the performance of analytical review to identify unexpected movements in account balances which may be indicative of fraud.

No instances of material non-compliance were identified. However, the likelihood of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is limited by the inherent difficulty in detecting irregularities, the effectiveness of the entity’s controls, and the nature, timing and extent of the audit procedures performed. Irregularities that result from fraud might be inherently more difficult to detect than irregularities that result from error. As explained above, there is an unavoidable risk that material misstatements may not be detected, even though the audit has been planned and performed in accordance with ISAs (UK).

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

There was no other comprehensive income for 2021 (2020: £nil).

Boardlink Limited is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Unit 10, K.U.S. Industrial Estate, Manor Lane, Hawarden, Flintshire, CH5 3PJ. The principal activities of the company are disclosed in the Strategic Report.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

This company is a qualifying entity for the purposes of FRS 102, being a member of a group where the parent of that group prepares publicly available consolidated financial statements, including this company, which are intended to give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the group. The company has therefore taken advantage of exemptions from the following disclosure requirements:

• Section 7 ‘Statement of Cash Flows’: Presentation of a statement of cash flow and related notes and disclosures;

• Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instrument Issues’: Interest income/expense and net gains/losses for each category of financial instrument; basis of determining fair values; details of collateral, loan defaults or breaches, details of hedges, hedging fair value changes recognised in profit or loss and in other comprehensive income;

• Section 26 ‘Share based Payment’: Share-based payment expense charged to profit or loss, reconciliation of opening and closing number and weighted average exercise price of share options, how the fair value of options granted was measured, measurement and carrying amount of liabilities for cash-settled share-based payments, explanation of modifications to arrangements;

• Section 33 ‘Related Party Disclosures’: Compensation for key management personnel.

This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of DWL (Holdings) Limited as at 31 December 2021 and these financial statements may be obtained from Nook House, Cliff Lane, Acton Bridge, Northwich, Cheshire, CW8 3QP.

Following a review of the company’s forecasts and projections the directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for at least 12 months from the date of signing these accounts. This confirmation is made after having reviewed assumptions updated for the impact of likely rising inflation and raw material costs together with the established changes in working practice ensuring compliance with government guidelines on working safely during coronavirus.true

Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.

Turnover is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the turnover can be reliably measured. Turnover is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods supplied, excluding discounts, rebates and value added tax.

Turnover is recognised when goods have been delivered to customers and when all risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to them.

Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are recognised at cost and are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.

Intangible assets acquired on business combinations are recognised separately from goodwill at the acquisition date where it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the entity and the fair value of the asset can be measured reliably; the intangible asset arises from contractual or other legal rights; and the intangible asset is separable from the entity.

Amortisation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Freehold land is not depreciated.

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

At each reporting period end date, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

Recognised impairment losses are reversed if, and only if, the reasons for the impairment loss have ceased to apply. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition.

At each reporting date, an assessment is made for impairment. Any excess of the carrying amount of stocks over its estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell is recognised as an impairment loss in profit or loss. Reversals of impairment losses are also recognised in profit or loss.

Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Other financial assets, including investments in equity instruments which are not subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, are initially measured at fair value, which is normally the transaction price. Such assets are subsequently carried at fair value and the changes in fair value are recognised in profit or loss, except that investments in equity instruments that are not publicly traded and whose fair values cannot be measured reliably are measured at cost less impairment.

Financial assets, other than those held at fair value through profit and loss, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date.

Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. If an asset is impaired, the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss.

If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been, had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.

Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the company transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Derivatives, including interest rate swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts, are not basic financial instruments. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognised in profit or loss in finance costs or finance income as appropriate, unless hedge accounting is applied and the hedge is a cash flow hedge.

Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. Debt instruments may be designated as being measured at fair value through profit or loss to eliminate or reduce an accounting mismatch or if the instruments are measured and their performance evaluated on a fair value basis in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy.

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the company.

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting end date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the profit and loss account, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the company has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leases asset are consumed.

Government grants are recognised at the fair value of the asset received or receivable when there is reasonable assurance that the grant conditions will be met and the grants will be received.

A grant that specifies performance conditions is recognised in income when the performance conditions are met. Where a grant does not specify performance conditions it is recognised in income when the proceeds are received or receivable. A grant received before the recognition criteria are satisfied is recognised as a liability.

Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation in the period are included in profit or loss.

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

The following judgements (apart from those involving estimates) have had the most significant effect on amounts recognised in the financial statements.

The company has entered into leases as a lessee obtaining the use of land and buildings and other tangible fixed assets. The classification of such leases as operating or finance lease requires management to determine, based on an evaluation of the terms and conditions of the arrangements, whether it retains or acquires the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these assets and accordingly whether the lease requires an asset and liability to be recognised in the Balance Sheet.

The estimates and assumptions which have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are as follows.

Where an indication of impairment exists, the directors will carry out an impairment review to determine the recoverable amount, being the higher of fair value less cost to sell and value in use. The value in use calculation requires the directors to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from the asset or the cash generating unit and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value.

The company establishes a provision for receivables that are estimated not to be recoverable. When assessing recoverability the directors consider factors such as the ageing of the receivables, past experience of recoverability and the credit profile of individual or groups of customers.

The company depreciates tangible assets over their estimated useful lives. In determining appropriate useful lives of assets, the directors have considered historic performance as well as future expectations for factors such as expected usage of the asset, physical wear and tear, technical and commercial obsolescence and legal limitations of the usage of the asset, such as lease terms. The actual lives of these assets can vary depending on a variety of factors, including technological innovation, product life cycles and maintenance programmes.

Judgement is applied to determine the residual values for tangible assets. When determining the residual values, the directors have assessed the amount that the group would currently obtain for the disposal of the asset, if it were already of the condition expected at the end of its useful economic life. At each reporting date, the directors have also assessed whether there have been any indicators, such as a change in how the asset is used, significant unexpected wear and tear and changes in market prices, which suggest previous estimates may differ from current expectations. Where this is the case, the residual value and/or useful life is amended and accounted for on a prospective basis.

Included within government grants is £51,279 (2020: £79,699) in respect of Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme grant income.

The average monthly number of persons (including directors) employed by the company during the year was:

Their aggregate remuneration comprised:

The number of directors for whom retirement benefits are accruing under defined contribution schemes amounted to 3 (2020 - 4).

The actual charge for the year can be reconciled to the expected charge for the year based on the profit or loss and the standard rate of tax as follows:

Factors that may affect future tax charges

Finance Act 2021 included provisions to increase the corporation tax rate from 19% to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023.

The cost of land totals £100,900 (2020: £100,900) which is included within freehold property and has not been depreciated.

An impairment loss of £48,359 (2020: £31,050) was recognised in cost of sales against stock during the year due to slow-moving and obsolete stock.

The amounts owed by group undertakings are unsecured and are repayable over the period until 28 February 2024. The amount outstanding can be called for repayment on demand. The interest rate on the loan is 2.5% above the relevant Bank of England Base Rate that prevailed at the time the loan was drawn.

The bank invoice financing facility is secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the company.

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the company and movements thereon:

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund.

Contributions totalling £1,769 (2020: £1,580) were repayable to the fund at the reporting date and are included in creditors.

Ordinary shares have the rights to vote, participate in capital and receive dividends.

Includes any premiums received on the issue of share capital. Any transaction costs associated with the issuing of shares are deducted from the share premium account.

This reserve is used where the shares are redeemed or bought back, the company is required to either replenish the capital by issuing fresh shares in lieu of the redeemed or bought back shares or to transfer their funds to this reserve.

Includes all current and prior period retained profits and losses.

At the reporting end date the company had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall due as follows:

DWL (holdings) Limited is regarded by the directors as being the company's ultimate parent company and ultimate controlling related party. It's registered office is Nook House, Cliff Lane, Acton Bridge, Northwich, Cheshire, CW8 3QP and principal place of business is Unit 10, K.U.S. Industrial Estate, Manor Lane, Hawarden, Flintshire, CH5 3PJ.

DWL (Holdings) Limited prepares consolidated financial statements that include the results of Boardlink Limited. Copies of the consolidated financial statements can be obtained from the principal place of business.