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| 2. |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
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The following accounting policies have been applied consistently in dealing with items which are considered material in relation to the company's financial statements. |
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Statement of compliance |
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The financial statements of the company for the year ended 31 December 2020 have been prepared in accordance with the provisions of FRS 102 Section 1A (Small Entities) and the Companies Act 2006. |
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Basis of preparation |
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The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis and in accordance with the historical cost convention except for certain properties and financial instruments that are measured at revalued amounts or fair values, as explained in the accounting policies below. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for assets. |
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Turnover |
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Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable net of VAT and trade discounts. Turnover represents the total invoice value, excluding value added tax, of sales made during the year.
Turnover from the sale of goods is recongised when significant risks and rewards of ownership of the services have transferred to the buyer, the amount of turnover can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the company and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably. |
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Material uncertainties & significant judgements |
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The preparation of financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects that period. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial period are described below.
Going concern assumption
Current events and conditions related to the Covid-19 pandemic represent a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt on the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The directors have made enquiries and considered the uncertainties but have a reasonable expectation that the company will have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. |
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Property, plant and equipment and depreciation |
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Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost or at valuation, less accumulated depreciation. The charge to depreciation is calculated to write off the original cost or valuation of property, plant and equipment, less their estimated residual value, over their expected useful lives as follows: |
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Fixtures, fittings and equipment |
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20% reducing balance |
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The carrying values of tangible fixed assets are reviewed annually for impairment in periods if events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. |
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Financial assets |
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Investments held as fixed assets are stated at cost less provision for any permanent diminution in value. Income from other investments together with any related tax credit is recognised in the profit and loss account in the year in which it is receivable. |
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Trade and other debtors |
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Trade and other debtors are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method less impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts except where the effect of discounting would be immaterial. In such cases the receivables are stated at cost less impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts. |
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Borrowing costs |
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Borrowing costs relating to the acquisition of assets are capitalised at the appropriate rate by adding them to the cost of assets being acquired. Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on the assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred. |
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Trade and other creditors |
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Trade and other creditors are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter stated at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, unless the effect of discounting would be immaterial, in which case they are stated at cost. |
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Employee benefits |
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The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund. |
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Taxation and deferred taxation |
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Current tax represents the amount expected to be paid or recovered in respect of taxable profits for the financial period and is calculated using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the Statement of Financial Position date.
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance sheet date where transactions or events have occurred at that date that will result in an obligation to pay more tax in the future, or a right to pay less tax in the future. Timing differences are temporary differences between the company's taxable profits and its results as stated in the financial statements.
Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are anticipated to apply in the periods in which the timing differences are expected to reverse, based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. |
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Government grants |
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Capital grants received and receivable are treated as deferred income and amortised to the Income Statement annually over the useful economic life of the asset to which it relates. Revenue grants are credited to the Income Statement when received. |
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Foreign currencies |
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Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at the Statement of Financial Position date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. The resulting exchange differences are dealt with in the Income Statement. |
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Ordinary share capital |
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The ordinary share capital of the company is presented as equity. |
